{"id":17739,"date":"2025-09-24T07:52:30","date_gmt":"2025-09-24T07:52:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tuoweiprecision.com\/?p=17739"},"modified":"2025-09-24T07:52:32","modified_gmt":"2025-09-24T07:52:32","slug":"%d9%85%d8%b9%d8%a7%d9%85%d9%84-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%82%d8%b5-%d9%83%d9%84-%d9%85%d8%a7-%d8%aa%d8%ad%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%ac-%d8%a5%d9%84%d9%89-%d9%85%d8%b9%d8%b1%d9%81%d8%aa%d9%87-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%b5%d9%84%d8%a7","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tuoweiprecision.com\/ar\/%d9%85%d8%b9%d8%a7%d9%85%d9%84-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%82%d8%b5-%d9%83%d9%84-%d9%85%d8%a7-%d8%aa%d8%ad%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%ac-%d8%a5%d9%84%d9%89-%d9%85%d8%b9%d8%b1%d9%81%d8%aa%d9%87-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%b5%d9%84%d8%a7\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635: \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0648\u0647\u0647\u0627"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u064a \u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633 \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f. \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u060c \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u062a\u062d\u062a \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0628\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\u064b \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 <a href=\"https:\/\/tuoweiprecision.com\/ar\/%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%86%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%b0%d8%ac-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d9%88%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b3%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%b9%d8%a9\/\">\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/a> \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647\u061f<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635 \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635 \u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0627. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u062a\u0634\u0648\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0645\u0627. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0632\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0648\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635. \u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a: \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0644\u064a \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u062a\u0646\u0632\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627\u060c \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0648\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0647.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636. \u064a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u0647 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a <strong>\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635<\/strong> \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0650\u0651\u0631 \u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d. \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0630\u0644\u0643 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629<\/strong> \u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a <strong>\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0648\u0643<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635<\/strong> = <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \/ \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0632\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0639\u0636. \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u062f <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629<\/strong>, \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u062f \u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635. \u0641\u064a <strong>\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f\u060c \u062a\u0638\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 <strong>\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a<\/strong> \u0628\u063a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u0647<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635<\/strong> \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u0647<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635. \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629. \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629, <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628<\/strong> \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644 <strong>\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0648\u0643<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635<\/strong> = tan(\u03b8) \u2248 \u03b8 (\u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u03b8 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0632\u0627\u062d\u0629<\/strong> \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a. \u062a\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 <strong>\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0628\u0644 <strong>\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643<\/strong> \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0625\u0646 <strong>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635<\/strong> \u064a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u064b\u0627 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0632 = \u03c4 \/ \u03b3<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0623\u064a\u0646:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>G = <strong>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635<\/strong> (<strong>\u064a\u064f\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0628 G<\/strong>)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u03c4 = <strong>\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635<\/strong> (\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0640 <strong>\u0628\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0644<\/strong> \u0623\u0648 <strong>\u0628\u0627<\/strong>)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u03b3 = <strong>\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635<\/strong> (\u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0625\u0646 <strong>\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635 \u0647\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0644<\/strong> (<strong>\u0628\u0627<\/strong>)\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0628 <strong>\u062c\u064a\u062c\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0644<\/strong> (<strong>\u062c\u064a\u062c\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0644<\/strong>). \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 <strong>\u0631\u0637\u0644 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629<\/strong> (<strong>PSI<\/strong>) \u0623\u0648 <strong>KSI<\/strong> (\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0646 <strong>PSI<\/strong>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629<\/strong> \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064d \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0627\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0637\u0628\u064e\u0651\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635<\/strong> \u0628\u0642\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a<\/strong> \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635<\/strong> \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u064f\u0651\u0647<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635<\/strong> \u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0625\u0646 <strong>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635<\/strong> \u0647\u0648 <strong>\u064a\u064f\u0639\u0628\u064e\u0651\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u062c\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0644<\/strong> \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0625\u0646 <strong>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629<\/strong> \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646\u0629<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u063a<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0628\u0629<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f<\/td><td>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635<\/td><td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f<\/strong>\/\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637<\/td><td>\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u0647<\/strong><\/td><td>\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a<\/td><td>\u062e\u0637\u064a<\/td><td>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645\u064a<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0632<\/td><td>G<\/td><td>E<\/td><td>K<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629<\/td><td><strong>\u062c\u064a\u062c\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0644<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u062c\u064a\u062c\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0644<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u062c\u064a\u062c\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0644<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u0628\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0644<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u0628\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0644<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u0628\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0644<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0643 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633<\/strong> \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 <strong>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u063a<\/strong> \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f, <strong>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635<\/strong> \u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u0644\u0627\u0642 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u0647<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0625\u0646 <strong>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635<\/strong> \u064a\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062e\u0629. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0640 <strong>\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639 <strong>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u063a<\/strong> \u0648 <strong>\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0646<\/strong> \u064a\u062a\u0628\u0639:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>G = E \/ 2 (1 + \u03bd)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0623\u064a\u0646:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>E = <strong>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u063a<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u03bd = <strong>\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0646<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643, <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635<\/strong> \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f <strong>\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646\u0629<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/strong> \u064a\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 <strong>\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635<\/strong>. \u0648\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u062a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u0647<\/strong>. \u0648\u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0641\u064a <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646<\/strong> \u0648 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a <strong>\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635<\/strong>. <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646<\/strong> \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0642\u064a\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 <strong>\u0634\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/engineering\/elastic-constant\">\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646\u0629<\/a><\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0645\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0633<\/strong> \u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0629 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631 <strong>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635<\/strong> \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f. \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629. \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0648 <strong>\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f-\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f<\/strong> \u062a\u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u062e\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0636\u0645\u0646 <strong>\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0642\u0628\u0644 <strong>\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643<\/strong> \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635 (\u062c\u064a\u062c\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0644)<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635 (PSI \u00d7 10\u2076)<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630<\/td><td>80-85<\/td><td>11.6-12.3<\/td><td>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 <strong>\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0629<\/strong><\/td><td>25-28<\/td><td>3.6-4.1<\/td><td>\u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0644\u064a\u0641<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0629<\/td><td>10-15<\/td><td>1.5-2.2<\/td><td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0637<\/td><td>0.001-0.01<\/td><td>0.0001-0.001<\/td><td>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0648\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635 <strong>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u0647<\/strong> \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0625\u0646 <strong>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646<\/strong> \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0648\u0646 <strong>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635<\/strong> \u0642\u064a\u0645 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\u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a <strong>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646\u0629<\/strong> \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0627\u062a. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0646\u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 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\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0629. \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646\u0629<\/strong> \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 40% \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629\u00b9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0621<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0645\u0636\u0628\u0648\u0637\u0629. \u0625\u0646 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0642<\/strong> \u064a\u0646\u0634\u0626 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f\u064b\u0627 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>DMA <strong>\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631<\/strong> \u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0643\u064a\u0641 <strong>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635<\/strong> \u062a\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f. \u062a\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646\u0629<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 <strong>\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635<\/strong> \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629. \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0639 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646\u0629<\/strong>, \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0630\u0627 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0648\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0648\u0643<\/strong> \u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 <strong>\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f. \u064a\u0646\u0635 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f<\/strong> \u0647\u0648 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628<\/strong> \u0625\u0644\u0649 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f<\/strong> \u0636\u0645\u0646 <strong>\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635, <strong>\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0648\u0643<\/strong> \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0643\u0640<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u03c4 = G \u00d7 \u03b3<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0648\u062a\u0638\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 <strong>\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/strong>. \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629, <strong>\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643<\/strong> \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u064a<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 <strong>\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0648\u0643<\/strong> \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0634\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062e\u0637\u064a\u0629 <strong>\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f-\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629. \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0628\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 <strong>\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635<\/strong>, \u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635<\/strong> \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646\u0629<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u0647<\/strong> \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0631<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 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<strong>\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a<\/strong> \u0641\u064a <strong>\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0648\u0643<\/strong> \u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u064f\u0651\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635. \u064a\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 <strong>\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635<\/strong> \u0647\u0648 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628<\/strong> \u0625\u0644\u0649 <strong>\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635<\/strong>, \u060c \u0645\u0639 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633<\/strong> \u0628\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The behavior of materials to forces is an essential knowledge to any engineer, physicist, or materials scientist. Modulus of rigidity, or shear modulus, is an important modulus that is crucial in understanding the behavior of materials under the influence of shearing forces. This is a guide that will enable you to master this fundamental concept [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"none","_seopress_titles_title":"All About Shear Modulus: Modulus of Rigidity Explained","_seopress_titles_desc":"Learn what shear modulus is, the ratio of shear stress to shear strain, how deformation occurs, and how to calculate the shear modulus when force is applied.","_seopress_robots_index":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-17739","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tuoweiprecision.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17739","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tuoweiprecision.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tuoweiprecision.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tuoweiprecision.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tuoweiprecision.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17739"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/tuoweiprecision.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17739\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":17742,"href":"https:\/\/tuoweiprecision.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17739\/revisions\/17742"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tuoweiprecision.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17739"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tuoweiprecision.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=17739"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tuoweiprecision.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=17739"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}